Zenehallgatás tilalma

They drink their wine without song;Liquor tastes bitter to the drinker.

The Gemara further relates: They sent the following question to Mar Ukva: From where do we derive that song is forbidden in the present, following the destruction of the Temple? He scored parchment and wrote to them: “Rejoice not, O Israel, to exultation, like the peoples” (Hosea 9:1).

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זמרא מנא לן דאסור—From where do we derive that song is forbiddenOVERVIEWמר עוקבא was asked from where do we derive the prohibition against זמרא. Our תוספות (seemingly) agrees with sרש"י' interpretation of זמרא.-----------------------------פירש בקונטרס לשורר בבית המשתאות –רש"י explained that זמרא means to sing at party gatherings; תוספות continues –וכן משמע מדקאמר ולישלח ליה מהכא בשיר לא ישתו יין –And so it seems as רש"י explains, since the גמרא asked, and why did he not sent them this פסוק which states, ‘they should not drink wine in song’, indicating that it is forbidden to sing in a בית המשתה. A support to this proof –ובפרק בתרא דסוטה (דף מח,א) תנן משבטלה סנהדרין בטל שיר בבית המשתאות –For in the last פרק of מסכת סוטה the משנה teaches that when the סנהדרין ceased to function, the שיר at the party houses also ceased –שנאמר בשיר לא ישתו יין –As it is written בשיר לא ישתו יין.וראוי להחמיר בכיוצא דההוא בירושלמי דהוה קאים ודמיך בזמרא שמתענג ביותר –And it is fitting that one be stringent in similar situations as the one mentioned in תלמוד ירושלמי where he would arise and go to bed with song, which is a great indulgence, and one should refrain from this –ושיר של מצוה שרי כגון בשעת חופה שעושין לשמח חתן וכלה:However, a song of a מצוה, for instance during the חופה, which people sing in order to rejoice with the חתן וכלה that is permitted.SUMMARYOne should refrain from songs of levity except for a שמחה של מצוה such as by a חופה.THINKING IT OVERDoes תוספות agree with רש"י or is he disputing him?

MISHNA: This mishna continues with the list of items that were nullified. From the time when the Sanhedrin ceased song was also nullified from the places of feasts, i.e., it was no longer permitted to sing at a feast where wine was served, as it is stated: “With song they shall not drink wine” (Isaiah 24:9).

Similarly, they ordained that one should not play melodies with any sort of musical instrument. It is forbidden to celebrate with such instruments or to listen to them being played [as an expression of mourning] for the destruction.Even songs [without musical accompaniment] that are recited over wine are forbidden, as [Isaiah 24:9] states: "Do not drink wine with song." It has, however, become accepted custom among the entire Jewish people to recite words of praise, songs of thanksgiving, and the like to God over wine.

Similarly they decreed not to play [music] with instruments, and musical devices, and all things that make music to rejoice with them. There are those who say, [the prohibition is] specifically for those whom they regularly play them, like for kings who stand and rest to instruments or in the house of a feast. (Tur) It is forbidden to make them heard because of the destruction, and even song by mouth over wine is forbidden, as it says: "In song one may not drink wine" (Isiah 24:9). And all of Israel is already accustomed to saying words of praise or songs of thanks and remembering the goodnes of the holy one blessed be he over wine. Similarly for the need of a Mitzvah, like for house of a Groom and Bride, all this is permitted. (Tosefot, Smug, and Hagehot Maymoni)

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